What is …?
A
analytical chemistry – part of the chemistry which focuses on chemical composition of the various chemical samples and determination of their qualitative and quantitative composition (there is only one chemistry – analytical ;-)
C
chiral separation – separations of optical active compounds with chiral stationary phases (CSP)
chromatography – analytical chemistry method used for separation of complex mixtures
column – cylindrical unit filled with stationary phase through which the mobile phase flows
G
gas chromatography – chromatographic technique with gas as a mobile phase
gel permeation chromatography – old name for size-exclusion chromatography
grafting – spatial modification of the stationary phase surface (usually monolith) with polymer chains
I
inverse size-exclusion chromatography – chromatographic technique allowing determination of pore volume and pore size distribution, very important for analysis of small pores (< 100 nm)
infrared light (IR) – electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths in between 0.7 – 300 μm
L
liquid chromatography – chromatographic method with liquid mobile phase
M
mass spectrometry – analytical technique analyzing mass and concentration of the sample fragments, very powerful detection technique for the liquid chromatography.
mobile phase – liquid or gas which flows through the separation medium
monolith – monolithic stationary phase – one piece of porous material which fullfil column and serves as stationary phase
N
non-porous particles – spherical particles of stationary phase with no or low porosity
normal phase chromatography – polar stationary phase, non-polar mobile phase
P
packed column – column packed with spherical particles
paper chromatography – special type of thin layer chromatography, where the stationary phase is paper
permeability – shows how easy mobile flows through the column packed with stationary phase
porosity – concentration of pores in the column (in stationary phase, respectively), usually explained in between 0 – 1 or in percentage.
R
retention factor – characteristics connected to the extent of the retention, usually says how many times is particular compound retained compare to the non-retained compound
reversed-phase chromatography – non-polar stationary phase, polar mobile phase
S
sample – the mixture of chemicals individuals to be separated
selectivity – preferable retention of certain compound vs. the other
size-exclusion chromatography – the chromatographic mode where the compounds are separated according their size
stationary phase – solid or liquid medium on which the separation takes place
surface area – physical characteristics of the stationary phase, usually expressed in m2/g
T
thin layer chromatography (TLC) – planar separation technique, where the compounds are separate in the space of TLC plate
two-dimensional chromatography – separation of complex mixtures using two different columns/separation mechanisms (off-line – fractions collection and re-injection on other system, on-line – comprehensive analysis using two columns and switching interface)
U
ultraviolet light (UV) – is electromagnetic radiation with wavelength in the range 10 – 400 nm (between visible and infrared light). Very often use for detection of the compounds after the separation (together with the visible light (400 – 800 nm))
… to be continued
